Asunto(s)
Antipsicóticos/efectos adversos , Vacunas contra la COVID-19/efectos adversos , Clozapina/efectos adversos , Esquizofrenia/tratamiento farmacológico , Convulsiones Febriles/inducido químicamente , Acetaminofén/administración & dosificación , Factores de Edad , Antipiréticos/administración & dosificación , Vacuna BNT162 , Vacunas contra la COVID-19/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia , Factores de Riesgo , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico , Convulsiones Febriles/diagnóstico , Convulsiones Febriles/prevención & control , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , VacunaciónAsunto(s)
Vacuna BNT162/efectos adversos , COVID-19/prevención & control , Fiebre/epidemiología , Reacción en el Punto de Inyección/epidemiología , Vacunación/estadística & datos numéricos , Acetaminofén/administración & dosificación , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Vacuna BNT162/administración & dosificación , COVID-19/diagnóstico , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/inmunología , Niño , Comorbilidad , Fiebre/tratamiento farmacológico , Fiebre/inmunología , Humanos , Reacción en el Punto de Inyección/tratamiento farmacológico , Reacción en el Punto de Inyección/etiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , SARS-CoV-2/inmunología , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Pain is a common but often ignored symptom in COVID-19 patients. Early and adequate treatment with detailed pain assessment in these patients may reduce the risk of pain chronicization, and mood dysregulation. To provide analgesia, paracetamol can be listed as the first option in these patients, and then NSAIDs can also be reliably used for pain management in patients with COVID-19 if there are no absolute contraindications such as kidney failure or gastric bleeding. Codeine is also a good alternative for patients with anxiety who do not respond to simple pain-relievers.
Asunto(s)
Analgésicos no Narcóticos/uso terapéutico , COVID-19/complicaciones , Dolor/etiología , SARS-CoV-2 , Acetaminofén/administración & dosificación , Acetaminofén/uso terapéutico , Administración Oral , Analgésicos no Narcóticos/administración & dosificación , Analgésicos Opioides/efectos adversos , Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Dolor/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Besides lung drastic involvement, SARS-CoV-2 severely affected other systems including liver. Emerging epidemiological studies brought the attentions towards liver injury and impairment as a potential outcome of COVID19. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2) are the main cell entry receptors of SARS-CoV-2. We have tested the ability of medications to regulate expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptors. Understanding that may reflect how such medications may affect the level of infectivity and permissibility of the liver following COVID-19. Using transcriptomic datasets, Toxicogenomic Project-Genomics Assisted Toxicity Evaluation System (Open TG-GATEs) and GSE30351, we have tested the ability of ninety common medications to regulate COVID-19 receptors expression in human primary hepatocytes. Most medications displayed a dose-dependent change in expression of receptors which could hint at a potentially more pronounced change with chronic use. The expression level of TMPRSS2 was increased noticeably with a number of medications such as metformin. Within the analgesics, acetaminophen revealed a dose-dependent reduction in expression of ACE2, while non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs had mixed effect on receptors expression. To confirm the observed effects on primary human hepatocytes, rat hepatocyte treatments data was obtained from DrugMatrix toxicogenomic database (GSE57805), which showed a similar ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression pattern. Treatment of common co-morbidities often require chronic use of multiple medications, which may result in an additive increase in the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2. More research is needed to determine the effect of different medications on COVID-19 receptors.